CAUDAL INVESTOR BRIEF v1.0 · SEPTEMBER 2026
01 / 08 DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE FOR ENERGY ATTRIBUTES

MEASURE.
TRACE.
TRADE.

Digital infrastructure for energy attributes.

CAUDAL connects energy production with the evidence needed to substantiate its attribute and bring it to market.

OPERATING DATA · 24 SEP 2026

56currently measuring
91connected meters
41.2 GWhmeasured cumulatively
20 minbetween readings

From plant to data. From data to evidence.
From evidence to market.

02 / 08 CAPTURE · CONTROL · EVIDENCE

The process starts at the asset

CAUDAL starts
at the plant.

01 / ASSETThe plant produces energy.

Electricity, biogas, biomethane, thermal energy or another eligible energy source.

02 / CONNECTIONConnects to measurement.

Using existing compatible meters, sensors or systems; where needed, the required instrumentation is added.

03 / CAPTUREData flows into CAUDAL.

Automated digital capture. Current electricity connections: one reading every 20 minutes.

04 / CONTROLEvidence is quality-controlled.

Anomalies, continuity, reporting periods and historical data are controlled and traceable.

05 / EVIDENCEReadings → evidence file.

Structured, substantiated information for third-party review.

CAUDAL does not start with the certificate.
It starts with the data that substantiates it.

03 / 08 DEMAND

The other side of the market

Who buys
and why?

01 / REGULATIONThey buy to comply.

Participants with regulatory obligations. For example: CELs in Mexico, where applicable.

02 / DECARBONIZATIONThey buy to meet corporate commitments.

Scope 2, renewable energy targets and commitments such as SBTi. Eligibility depends on each instrument.

03 / MARKET / TRACEABILITYThey buy to substantiate the attribute.

Import regulations, customers, supply chains, exports and market access may require traceable evidence about the energy or fuel.

CAUDAL DOES NOT CREATE DEMAND.

Someone produces the attribute. Someone needs it.
CAUDAL connects both sides with traceable evidence in between.

PRODUCER→CAUDAL→BUYER

The producer monetizes its attribute. CAUDAL earns revenue from infrastructure and trading.

04 / 08 WHY NOW

Demand taking shape

Four drivers.
One shared need.

01 / MX

Mexico

REGULATES

An established electricity CEL market. CAUDAL already measures real assets and presented its traceability and carbon intensity approach to SENER.

02 / BR

Brazil

MANDATES

Legislation sets decarbonization targets for covered natural gas producers and importers. Biomethane and CGOB are part of the mechanism for demonstrating compliance.

03 / AR

Argentina

EXPORTS

The exporter needs to produce and transmit evidence to meet the requirements of the buyer and destination market.

View Southern Energy → SEFE case ↓

Southern Energy → SEFE
2 Mtpa · 8 years · deliveries expected from late 2027 European regulation requires the importer to receive and demonstrate methane emissions information; the producer/exporter must produce and transmit the necessary evidence. This does not imply that either party has a contract with CAUDAL.

04 / EU

European Union

REQUIRES

The importer must gather evidence for reporting and MRV obligations on imported gas; from 2028, methane intensity also applies to covered contracts.

BRAZILRegulation → demand for biomethane / CGOB

ARGENTINA + EURegulation → demand for evidence on imported gas

THE EXPORTER NEEDS TO PRODUCE EVIDENCE.
THE BUYER NEEDS TO RECEIVE IT.
PRODUCER / EXPORTERGenerates and transmits evidence
CAUDALMeasures · traces · structures · transmits
BUYER / IMPORTERReceives and uses the evidence
THE THESISCERTIFICATES CHANGE.
THE NEED FOR EVIDENCE DOES NOT.

CAUDAL is building a shared digital layer for multiple energy attributes.

EXISTING MARKETElectricityI-REC(E) · CEL
EXPANDINGGas · biomethaneI-TRACK(G) · CGOB
OPTIONALITYThermal · fuelsPotential attributes

CERTIFICATES ARE MULTIPLYING. STANDARDS ARE BECOMING MORE DEMANDING. EVIDENCE BECOMES INFRASTRUCTURE.

VIEW MARKET EXPANSION
THE PRECEDENT · I-REC(E)283 TWh

issued in 2023; 227 million certificates issued between January and July 2025. An international system already operates at scale.

NEW MARKET RAILSGas and biomethane

I-TRACK(G) launched in May 2026. Brazil is developing CGOB and its certification infrastructure. Instituto Totum operates the I-TRACK(G) registry in Brazil and participates in CGOB.

DEMAND + DIGITALIZATIONA shared layer

Regulation and corporate commitments drive demand for quality evidence. A significant part of the process still requires documents, reconciliations and uploads between participants.

TRADITIONAL PROCESS · Meter → Excel / documents → exchanges → verifier → registry → broker / buyerCAUDAL · Plant → digital capture → traceability → evidence → independent third parties → inventory → market

The vision presented to SENER: infrastructure for electricity CELs, potential thermal CELs and traceability for gas, biodiesel and other attributes. SENER has not approved CAUDAL or a thermal CEL scheme. The technical review with Totum does not constitute methodology or registry approval; eventual acceptance could expand interoperability.

Sources: I-TRACK, 2023 · I-TRACK, 2025 · I-TRACK(G) · ANP, CGOB · ANP, Totum.

THE CLOCK IS ALREADY TICKING

MAY 2026Operational launch of I-TRACK(G)
MEXICO · NOWNew electricity framework; review and update of Market Rules
LATE 2027First deliveries expected: Southern Energy–SEFE · 2 Mtpa of LNG for 8 years
5 AUG 2028Methane intensity reporting for covered contracts
5 AUG 2030Maximum methane intensity values for covered contracts
WE DID NOT SET ANY OF THESE DATES.

Sources: I-TRACK · CENACE · SEFE · EU, arts. 27–29 · Commission, September 2026 guidance · ANP, Res. 995/996. Brazil: obligation for covered natural gas producers/importers, with a volume-based exclusion; biomethane producers participate voluntarily. EU: 2028, contracts from 4 Aug 2024; 2030, contracts covered under art. 29. The Commission's recommendation on penalties does not suspend the obligations. CAUDAL is not approved by SENER or by the schemes mentioned; thermal CELs are not regulated.

05 / 08 WHY CAUDAL

Founder-market fit

Technology matters.
So do the people building it.

FOUNDER / CEO

Pablo
Kohan

Over 20 years in waste valorization and energy. Biogas, biomethane and environmental markets; over 200,000 credits traded.

MARKET · ENERGY · VISION
TECHNICAL LEAD

Guillermina
Barrera

Technical expert for greenhouse gases at EMA. Lead verifier at ANIQ's GHG verification body. Nine years of experience in landfill and livestock-waste biogas.

METHODOLOGY · VERIFICATION · GHG
PROCESS ENGINEERING

Victoria
Santillán

Industrial chemical engineer and Lean Six Sigma Black Belt. Led process standardization, operational continuity and production and expansion projections.

PROCESSES · OPERATIONS · SCALE
FROM PROBLEM TO BUSINESS

Real-world problem → methodology → evidence → infrastructure → CAUDAL

The methodology required reliable data. We built the infrastructure to measure it and turn it into verifiable evidence.
01 / INFRASTRUCTURE

WE MEASURE

We connect assets and turn operating data into traceable evidence.

Infrastructure / dMRV revenue
02 / INDEPENDENT THIRD PARTIES

WE ENABLE CERTIFICATION

We prepare evidence and manage the process. Independent verifiers and registries review, verify and issue or recognize the attribute.

CAUDAL does not verify or certify
03 / TRANSACTION

WE TRADE

We manage the recognized attribute as inventory and connect it with buyers.

Fee / share based on product and volume
TWO REVENUE ENGINESWE EARN BY MEASURING.
WE EARN BY TRADING.

INFRASTRUCTURE + TRANSACTION

THE AMBITIONTHE MARKETPLACE
STARTS AT THE PLANT.

Our goal is to make CAUDAL the infrastructure and marketplace for energy attributes.

TRADITIONAL MARKETPLACE

Certificate → buyer

CAUDAL

Plant → data → evidence → independent third party → attribute → buyer

SCALE

More plants → more energy measured → more attributes and inventory → more buyers and transactions → lower unit cost → more plants.

THE COMPETITIVE FIELDMeasuring, calculating and substantiating in a single workflow: a space few, if any, occupy today.
WHO DOES WHAT

Measure + calculate + substantiate → today, almost no one combines all three

Global review, plus a country-by-country review across Latin America, based on primary sources. October 2026.
01 / MEASURE

THOSE WHO MEASURE

Instrument manufacturers and methane leak detection providers. They measure with their own equipment, but do not calculate carbon intensity or prepare evidence for a registry.

They measure. They do not substantiate the attribute.
02 / CALCULATE

THOSE WHO CALCULATE

Compliance software and regulatory calculators. They work with data the plant already has, or with default values.

They calculate. They do not create the data.
03 / REGISTER

THOSE WHO REGISTER

Registries, issuers and verifiers. They receive information from the plant, review it, and issue or recognize the attribute.

They receive the data. They do not produce it.
WHERE CAUDAL STANDSMEASURE, CALCULATE AND SUBSTANTIATE.
WHERE ALMOST NO ONE IS TODAY.

PROPRIETARY DATA + PROPRIETARY METHODOLOGY + EVIDENCE FOR THIRD PARTIES

THE EVIDENCE

On I-TRACK(G), the international registry for biomethane, as of 13 Oct 2026 there is no accredited life-cycle assessment provider or platform for gas: the accredited entities are issuers and registry operators. The role exists in the rules and has not yet been filled.

THE CLOSEST. Loci Controls (US) measures with its own equipment at landfills; its methodology is expressed in tonnes of CO₂e, and its carbon intensity is set by California's regulatory model. EarnDLT (US) issues and sells its own renewable gas certificate, with no published proprietary measurement. BlockC (Brazil) issues voluntary biomethane certificates based on data audited by a third party.

COMPLIANCE PLATFORMS. Mangrove and Anew Climate, which acquired P6 Technologies in December 2025, integrate data the plant already produces and apply each program's official calculators. They do not install instruments.

LATIN AMERICA. In Brazil, the certifier role is held by agents accredited by the ANP. The rules do not require continuous measurement, and carbon intensity under the CGOB is optional and accepts equivalent methodologies. In Mexico, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Uruguay and Peru, we did not identify platforms that measure and substantiate the biomethane attribute.

SCOPE OF THIS STATEMENT. We do not claim it does not exist; we claim we did not find it in a review based on primary sources. CAUDAL's operating fleet measures electricity today; gas measurement is built and ready to operate.

Sources: I-TRACK, platform operators ↗ · I-TRACK, issuers ↗ · ANP, Technical Report 04/CGOB ↗ · Anew Climate, P6 ↗

VIEW TECHNICAL DETAILS

PROPRIETARY CARBON INTENSITY METHODOLOGY. In development since December 2025. Know-how integrated with operating data, rules and evidence.

I-TRACK(G). Section 6.9 of the Code distinguishes the methodology owner from the accredited LCA provider that can submit it for use. The specific application of this route to CAUDAL is being confirmed; approval has not been secured.

CAUDAL measures and traces; independent third parties verify and certify. I-TRACK(G) Code, §6.9 ↗

06 / 08 MORE CAUDAL

Business model

ONE INFRASTRUCTURE.
TWO ENGINES. MORE VOLUME.

01 — INFRASTRUCTUREWE EARN WHEN WE MEASURE.

dMRV · measurement · evidence · management

02 — MARKETPLACEWE EARN WHEN WE TRADE.

a share of the value of attributes actually traded

03 — SCALEEVERY NEW PLANT FEEDS BOTH ENGINES.
More assetsmore energy measuredmore evidencemore attributesmore inventorymore buyersmore transactionsmore CAUDAL

MORE VOLUME
→ LOWER UNIT COST

View scale assumptions

¹ Cost scenarios from the source PDF; assumptions, not observed margins. The 16,875 MWh annual baseline differs from the 41.2 GWh measured cumulatively as of 24 Sep 2026. Cost scope and instrumentation remain subject to validation.

OUR GOAL

Our goal is not to maximize the fee per installation. It is to maximize the volume of energy and attributes flowing through CAUDAL.

Existing markets: I-TRACK: I-REC(E) purchase and retirement · CNE: obligated CEL participants.

07 / 08 THE COMPANY WE ARE BUILDING

2027–2030 · Base Case v1.0

From operating infrastructure
to economic scale.

BASE CASE · FOUR MILESTONES

Revenue, EBITDA and paying dMRV assets; projected figures, not historical results.

2027US$250KREVENUE
−US$150KEBITDA

10 paying dMRV assets

MONETIZATION
2028US$650KREVENUE
+US$50KEBITDA

25 paying dMRV assets

BREAK-EVEN
2029US$1.30MREVENUE
US$350KEBITDA · 27% MARGIN

50 paying dMRV assets

REPEATABILITY / SCALE
2030US$2.40MREVENUE
US$850KEBITDA · 35% MARGIN

100 paying dMRV assets

SCALE

2027 goal: reach the first 10 paying dMRV assets and demonstrate that the commercial process is repeatable.

THE ENTRY POINTAfter building. Before scaling.

The investor enters an operating infrastructure and methodology, with specialized data and team, before repeatable monetization. Commercial risk remains.

VIEW FINANCIAL MODEL

The detailed model covering scenarios, margins, cash flow, future capital and sensitivities will be shared during due diligence. Request model access.

Base Case · pricing decreases with volume · thermal CELs and transactional I-REC revenue excluded. Projections are based on adoption and pricing assumptions currently under commercial validation. No figure for MWh under management is published until its modeling is finalized.

08 / 08 THE INVESTMENT

If CAUDAL already works, what is the capital for?

The technology already works.
Capital funds its commercial scale.

TOTAL COMMITMENTUS$450K
OF CAUDAL · FULL ROUND20%
INITIAL DISBURSEMENTUS$250K

US$1.80M PRE-MONEY + US$450K ROUND = US$2.25M POST-MONEY

20% OF CAUDAL* for the full US$450K commitment. The investment will be structured as equity in a new company dedicated exclusively to consolidating and developing CAUDAL. *Post-investment ownership, subject to future dilution and definitive documentation. Share issuance mechanics and the effects of undisbursed tranches will be legally defined.

TODAYMeasure + trace91 connections · 41.2 GWh measured cumulatively as of 24 Sep 2026 · methodology
SAFEGUARDIntegrityConnections and instrumentation where needed
VALIDATEMethodologyTotum · independent verifiers
INTEROPERATERegistriesI-TRACK · registrations · issuances
TRADEAttributesInventory · marketplace · buyers
SCALERevenueMore assets, volume, markets and team
01 · COMPLETE THE CIRCUITUS$250K

From real data to the first tradable attributes and first revenue.

02 · REPEAT · MILESTONE 1+US$100K

More assets follow the same circuit; recurring revenue emerges.

03 · SCALE · MILESTONE 2+US$100K

More volume, markets and commercial capacity.

Capital deployed in stages against milestones. Pro-rata rights in the next round: proposed, subject to documentation.

THE INVESTOR ACQUIRES EQUITY.

The primary potential return is appreciation of the investor's stake. A later round may provide a new valuation reference without automatic liquidity; a secondary sale or strategic transaction could provide it. Future distributions would depend on sufficient cash generation.

18–24 months is the milestone horizon, not a repayment or exit date. Liquidity may take longer.

The investor enters before the milestones intended to reduce execution risk and increase company value.

Meet the founder and see the platform Investment FAQs

Pablo Kohan · Founder and CEO · pablo.k@emisionesneutras.com
CAUDAL Investor Brief · v1.0 · September 2026 · Latest version available at invest.caudaldmrv.com

ILLUSTRATIVE SENSITIVITY · NOT A FORECAST

Explore investment
potential.

TOTAL COMMITMENTUS$450K

POST-INVESTMENT STAKE IN CAUDAL20%

BASE CASE 2030US$2.40M revenue · US$850K EBITDA

Illustrative 2030 EBITDA multiple
Illustrative future dilution

ASSUMED 2030 NET DEBT US$0

ILLUSTRATIVE ENTERPRISE VALUEUS$6.80M
ILLUSTRATIVE EQUITY VALUEUS$6.80M
EFFECTIVE OWNERSHIP16%
INDICATIVE STAKE VALUEUS$1.09M
ILLUSTRATIVE MOIC ON US$450K FULLY DISBURSED2.42×

Enterprise Value = 2030 EBITDA × multiple. Equity Value = Enterprise Value − assumed net debt (US$0). Effective ownership = 20% × (1 − dilution); MOIC = indicative stake value / US$450K fully disbursed. Illustrative sensitivity · not a forecast · no guarantee of return or liquidity. Net debt and other actual transaction adjustments may vary; 18–24 months is the execution horizon, not an exit date.